Sequelae/Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury

The ongoing consequences of brain injury are known as “sequelae” in the professional literature. These sequelae can be categorized generally as follows:

Cognitive:Level of consciousness

  • Sensorium

  • Attention/Concentration

  • Short-term memory

  • Processing Speed (slowed thinking)

  • Executive function (planning, problem solving, abstract thinking, judgment, insight, abiity to multi-task or respond to multiple stimuli)

  • Forgetfulness

Emotional:Mood swings/lability

  • Irritability

  • Anxiety

  • Depression

  • Anger/Irritability

  • Apathy

  • Temper Outbursts

Behavioral:Personality changes

  • Impulsivity

  • Disinhibition

  • Inappropriate sexual behavior

  • Decreased initiative

  • Impatience

  • Restlessness

  • Immaturity

Physical:Fatigue

  • Sleep disturbance

  • Headache

  • Visual disturbances

  • Balance difficulties

  • Dizziness

  • Seizures

  • Spasticity

  • Diminished senses of smell or taste

  • Noise sensitivity

  • Light sensitivity